Food Additives Legislation & Labeling Advice

Food Additives yog dab tsi?

Khoom noj khoom haus additives yog cov khoom uas ntxiv rau cov khoom noj khoom haus thoob plaws hauv kev tsim khoom los muab ntau yam kev siv thev naus laus zis xws li tsw, xim lossis ruaj khov ntawm cov khoom.

Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm cov khoom noj ntxiv thiab cov khoom noj khoom haus?

Cov ntsiab lus zaub mov 'additives' thiab 'cov khoom xyaw' hais txog ntau yam ntawm cov khoom noj, thiab lawv ua haujlwm sib txawv. Piv txwv li, txawm hais tias zib ntab, qab zib thiab qe qe tag nrho muaj kev ua haujlwm thev naus laus zis hauv ntau yam khoom noj, lawv tsis suav tias yog cov khoom siv ntxiv vim tias lawv feem ntau pom tau tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau saj, kev ntxhib los mos los yog khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm cov zaub mov, thiab feem ntau noj rau ntawm lawv tus kheej. Hloov chaw, lawv raug hu ua cov khoom xyaw.

Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov additives tsis feem ntau siv los ntawm lawv tus kheej lossis siv los ua cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm pluas noj. Hloov chaw, lawv siv los txhim kho lossis khaws cov khoom zoo, feem ntau tsis ntxiv cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig.

Cov khoom noj additives tuaj yeem siv rau:

• Khaws cov khoom noj kom zoo ntawm cov zaub mov
• Txhim kho nws lub neej txee lossis tswj kom zoo
• Txhim kho nws qhov kev thov rau cov neeg siv khoom los ntawm kev txhim kho tsw, xim lossis kev ntxhib los mos
• Ua kom muaj kev tsim khoom thiab khaws cia khoom noj tau

Vim li cas Kev Lag Luam Zaub Mov Siv Tshuaj Ntxiv?

Txawm hais tias cov khoom noj uas peb npaj hauv tsev feem ntau noj sai tom qab kev npaj, cov khoom noj uas muag hauv khw thiab hauv online feem ntau yuav tsum nyob ruaj khov thiab txaus nyiam ntev dua. Additives ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim khoom noj khoom haus thoob ntiaj teb los pab ua kom tau raws li cov neeg siv khoom xav tau rau saj, kev nyab xeeb thiab tshiab. Los ntawm kev txhim kho kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov zaub mov, lawv kuj pab txo qis cov khoom noj pov tseg uas yog ib qho kev txhawj xeeb txog kev ruaj ntseg loj.

Khoom noj khoom haus additives yuav conjure li ib daim duab ntawm ib tug hluavtaws tshuaj rau ntau. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis yog ib txwm muaj vim tias muaj ntau cov khoom ntxiv tau muab los ntawm cov khoom tshwm sim, xws li lecithin los ntawm soy thiab carrageenan los ntawm seaweed. Qhov tseeb, cov neeg siv khoom txhob txwm ntxiv cov khoom ntxiv rau lawv lub tsev ua noj, xws li jam-makers ntxiv pectin (E440) kom ntseeg tau tias muaj teeb meem zoo rau jam. Tsis muaj teeb meem lawv qhov twg los, kev nyab xeeb yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv lub siab ntawm tus tswj hwm thaum pom zoo siv cov khoom siv ntxiv hauv cov khoom noj.

Kev txhim kho hauv kev tshawb fawb txog zaub mov tau ua rau muaj kev siv ntau ntxiv ntawm cov khoom siv hauv kev tsim khoom noj niaj hnub. Tam sim no muaj ntau pua cov khoom sib txawv siv los ua cov khoom noj khoom haus thiab ntau ntxiv siv los ua flavourings, tag nrho cov uas tau tswj hwm kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov neeg siv khoom.

Hauv qab no, peb tshawb txog qee yam ntawm cov khoom noj uas muaj ntau tshaj plaws.

Ntau hom khoom noj khoom haus thiab lawv siv hauv cov khoom noj

Xim xim

Colorings yog additives uas yog siv los kho los yog coj tawm cov xim nyob rau hauv ib tug zaub mov. Lawv tuaj yeem yog ntuj, zoo li beetroot liab (E162) lossis hluavtaws zoo li tartrazine (E102).

Tartrazine yog ib qho ntawm 6 xim txuas rau kev ua siab ntev hauv qee cov menyuam yaus. Tom qab kev tshawb fawb tau ua thiab tau txais nyiaj txiag los ntawm Lub Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Khoom Noj Khoom Noj, thiab tshuaj xyuas los ntawm European Food Safety Authority, kev hloov kho rau cov kev cai ntxiv tau qhia kom xav tau cov zaub mov uas muaj nws los nqa cov lus ceeb toom tshwj xeeb rau cov txiaj ntsig no.

Muaj lwm yam khoom noj ntxiv uas yuav tsum tau ceeb toom xws li Azo dyes, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev fab tshuaj rau cov tib neeg rhiab heev, thiab Aspartame, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau cov neeg muaj phenylketonuria (PKU), uas tsis tshua muaj kab mob caj ces.

Cov tshuaj tua kab mob

Preservatives prolong lub txee lub neej ntawm cov zaub mov los ntawm kev tiv thaiv cov deterioration los ntawm cov kab mob. Cov piv txwv muaj xws li calcium propionate (E282), uas feem ntau yog siv rau hauv qhob cij, thiab poov tshuaj sorbate (E202) siv nyob rau hauv zaub kis / margarine.

Antioxidants

Antioxidants tiv thaiv cov khoom noj tsis zoo los ntawm cov txheej txheem tshuaj oxidation. Qhov no suav nrog kev tiv thaiv cov khoom qab zib uas tsim los ntawm cov khoom noj los ntawm oxidation ntawm cov rog thiab roj hauv cov zaub mov uas siv tocopherols (E306). Ib yam li ntawd, daim ntawv thov ntawm ascorbic acid (E300) tuaj yeem siv los tiv thaiv browning los ntawm inhibiting oxidative tshua. Ascorbic acid tau pom dav dua li Vitamin C los ntawm cov neeg siv khoom.

Qab zib

Sweeteners yog additives siv los tsim ib qho qab zib saj hauv zaub mov. Feem ntau, cov khoom qab zib uas tsis yog khoom noj khoom haus xws li aspartame thiab sucralose yog siv los tsim cov khoom qab zib yam tsis muaj calories ntxiv hauv qab zib thiab cov khoom qab zib xws li zib ntab.

Qee zaum ob peb cov khoom qab zib uas tsis yog khoom noj khoom haus tuaj yeem siv ua ke lossis nrog cov suab thaj kom ua tiav ib qho tsw qab lossis ua kom tag nrho cov khoom qab zib ua ke.

Emulsifiers

Emulsifiers pab kom cov roj thiab dej sib xyaw ua ke thiab tswj cov emulsion, kom ruaj ntseg tsis muaj kev sib cais ntawm cov dej thiab cov roj hauv cov khoom.

Emulsifiers feem ntau siv hauv mayonnaise, ice cream thiab chocolate. Piv txwv muaj xws li mono- thiab diglycerides ntawm fatty acids (E471) thiab soy lecithin (E322), ob qho tib si uas muaj nyob rau hauv ice cream, npaj-rau-siv icings thiab instant kub chocolate.

Flavour Enhancers

Flavor enhancers yog siv los txhawb cov khoom noj uas twb muaj lawm yam tsis tau muab lawv cov tsw (piv txwv li lawv saj tsis muaj dab tsi tab sis txhim kho cov khoom uas twb muaj lawm). Cov piv txwv feem ntau (thiab tsis sib haum xeeb) yog monosodium glutamate (MSG, E621), pom nyob rau hauv crisps thiab savory noodles.

Food Additives Legislation hauv UK

Raws li kev cai lij choj ntxiv rau zaub mov, tag nrho cov tshuaj ntxiv yuav tsum tau pom zoo ua ntej lawv tuaj yeem siv hauv UK. Rau cov khoom noj ntxiv kom pom zoo rau kev siv, nws yuav tsum raug suav hais tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov neeg siv khoom. Piv txwv li, yog tias nws txhim kho tsw, ncua lub neej txee lossis txhim kho cov khoom noj kom zoo.

Kev soj ntsuam dav dav ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb thiab kev tshaj lij yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntxiv, kev xav tau thev naus laus zis, thiab tias nws siv yuav tsis ua rau cov neeg siv khoom tsis raug. Txhua yam tshuaj ntxiv uas tau pom zoo tso cai siv rau hauv qee yam khoom noj thiab nyob rau qib siab tshaj plaws tau txiav txim siab.

Cov kev cai no pab kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom siv ntxiv tsuas yog siv rau hauv cov khoom uas tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm lawv lub xub ntiag, thiab qhov muaj nyob ntawd tau khaws cia rau qhov tsawg kawg nkaus uas yuav tsum tau ua kom tau raws li qhov xav tau.

Cov npe ntawm cov khoom xyaw uas pom zoo thiab tus lej E uas tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov khoom noj khoom haus tau teev nyob rau hauvFood Standards Agency lub websitethiab hauv EU Txoj Cai 1333/2008 khaws cia.

E-Number yog dab tsi?

Cov khoom siv ntxiv feem ntau raug xa mus los ntawm lawv cov E-tus lej raws li qhia hauv phau ntawv qhia no. E-number cais system tau tsim los ua ib feem ntawm kev tsav tsheb kom muaj ib daim ntawv teev npe rau txhua pab pawg ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv ntxiv nrog 'E' npaj siab los sawv cev rau cov neeg siv khoom uas tso cai ntxiv tau raug cais raws li kev nyab xeeb hauv EU. Nws tau lees paub thoob ntiaj teb, thiab International Numbering System (INS) rau Food Additives uas muaj nyob hauv Codex Alimentarius yog raws li qhov no. Lub kaw lus tau siv thawj zaug hauv xyoo 1962 rau cov xim, thiab tau siv tom qab xyoo 1964 rau cov lus qhia ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob, xyoo 1970 rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv antioxidants thiab xyoo 1974 rau emulsifiers, stabilizers, thickeners thiab gelling agents.

Kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov khoom ntxiv no yog lub hom phiaj tom ntej uas yog ib feem ntawm kev siv zog los tsim Kev Lag Luam Sab Hauv Hauv EU. Kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov khoom siv ntxiv tau tshwm sim thaum xyoo 1980s thiab thaum ntxov mus rau nruab nrab-1990s.

Koj puas xav tau tshaj tawm cov khoom ntxiv ntawm cov ntawv sau zaub mov?

Yog lawm, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cov khoom noj khoom haus uas yuav tsum tau teev nyob rau hauv cov khoom xyaw thaum muaj nyob rau hauv cov khoom noj, xws li los ntawm lawv lub npe los yog E tooj, ua raws li cov zaub mov additive labeling txoj cai.

Cov additive lub hom phiaj lossis kev ua haujlwm hauv cov khoom yuav tsum tau hais. Piv txwv ntawm cov haujlwm no yog acids, acidity regulators, anti-caking agents, emulsifiers, gelling agents, humectants thiab raising agents, thiab lwm yam.

Yuav Ua Li Cas Sau Cov Khoom Noj Ntxiv hauv UK

Sau npe nrog E-Numbers lossis Tag Nrho Ntxiv Lub Npe

Txawm hais tias cov kev cai additives tau muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw nrog lub hom phiaj ntawm kev ua kom cov pej xeem muaj kev nyab xeeb, lawv cov tsos ntawm cov ntawv qhia zaub mov tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov neeg siv khoom nrog mandy pom cov npe luv luv, nrog rau ob peb ntxiv ntxiv raws li qhov ua tau, zoo dua - lub tswv yim hu ua 'huv. daim ntawv lo'. Cov lej E-tus lej tau tsa kev txhawj xeeb tshwj xeeb, nrog cov neeg siv khoom nug vim li cas cov tuam txhab tsim khoom 'pob' dab tsi hauv lawv cov zaub mov los ntawm kev siv cov lej, tsis yog saib cov lis dej num raws li cov cuab yeej ua tau tiag tiag los txhim kho pob tshab.

Hauv tebchaws Askiv, nws yog ib qho kev xyaum siv cov tshuaj ntxiv lub npe tag nrho ntawm daim ntawv lo, vim tias cov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev xav tsis zoo thiab feem ntau nyiam los ntawm cov neeg siv khoom. Txawm li cas los xij, rau kev siv tshuaj lom neeg ntau dua thiab tsis paub cov khoom siv ntxiv, E-tus lej feem ntau siv. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov chaw txwv tsis pub tuaj yeem thov kev siv E-tus lej vim tias cov no tuaj yeem luv dua li lawv cov npe tag nrho.

Qhov zoo tshaj plaws, daim ntawv lo khoom yuav tsum muaj kev paub txog cov neeg siv khoom. Peb kuj pom zoo kom ib lub hom phiaj mus rau lub npe ntawm cov additives tsis tu ncua nyob rau hauv nws cov khoom portfolio los txhim kho kev nkag siab.

Yog tias cov khoom siv ntxiv tau siv rau hauv cov khoom noj khoom haus, koj yuav tsum xyuas kom meej tias lawv tsuas yog siv rau hauv cov khoom noj uas raug cai thiab ntau npaum li cas, muaj feem xyuam rau cov khw muag khoom (raws li ntau lub teb chaws muaj ntau txoj hauv kev rau kev cai).

Txhawm rau txhawb kev sib txuas lus rau cov neeg siv khoom uas cov khoom siv ntxiv tsis yog ib txwm txaus ntshai raws li lawv saib, qee lub npe tau coj mus rau suav nrog cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv txog cov khoom siv ntxiv nrog rau cov lus raug cai ntawm lawv cov ntawv uas ua rau qhov no yooj yim rau cov lus paub ntau dua. Piv txwv li, 'Ascorbic Acid, ib daim ntawv ntawm Vitamin C, kuj pom nyob rau hauv citrus txiv hmab txiv ntoo'. Qhov no yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo los qhia koj cov neeg siv khoom, tab sis ceev faj nrog kev ua raws, vim tias koj tsis xav kom tus neeg siv khoom yuam kev xav tias koj cov khoom muaj citrus txiv hmab txiv ntoo.

Yuav Ua Li Cas Sau Sulphite Additives rau Cov Neeg Siv Khoom Ua Phem

Cov khoom siv ntxiv uas yuav ua rau muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj lossis kev tsis haum, xws li sulfites, yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv cov khoom xyaw yog tias muaj nyob rau saum cov theem ua ntej thiab tshaj tawm txawm tias muag xoob lossis hauv cov khoom noj uas tsis yog prepacked. Rau sulfur dioxide (E220) thiab sulfites (E221 txog E228) lawv yuav tsum tau sau npe thaum muaj ntau dua 10 mg / Kg lossis 10 mg / liter. Qhov no yog xam raws li tus nqi ntawm sulfur dioxide nyob rau hauv cov khoom tiav, raws li nws yuav tau noj.

Yog tias cov tshuaj tsis haum nyob rau hauv cov khoom uas raug zam los ntawm kev nqa cov npe khoom, ces yuav tsum tau siv cov lus 'muaj', tshwj tsis yog lub npe ntawm cov khoom muaj xws li cov allergen, uas nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm sulfur dioxide los yog sulphites, tsis zoo li. tshwm sim.

Yog hais tias sulfur dioxide los yog sulfites muaj nyob rau hauv ib qho ntawm cov khoom xyaw ntawm cov khoom noj, piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv cov txiv apples nyob rau hauv lub filling ntawm ib tug txiv apple ncuav qab zib, ces nws muaj raws li ib tug allergen yuav tsum tau qhia rau ntawm daim ntawv qhia zaub mov. Qhov yuav tsum tau muaj nyob rau hauv Retained Regulation (EU) 1169/2011, Annex II, 12, tab sis daim ntawv lo rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov no yuav tsis pom tseeb tam sim ntawd. Qhov no yog qhov uas tus kws tshaj lij daim ntawv lo tuaj yeem ua kom koj daim ntawv qhia zaub mov ua raws.

Yam khoom noj khoom haus twg raug txwv hauv UK?

Qee cov khoom noj ntxiv raug txwv hauv UK vim tias lawv muaj peev xwm ua rau muaj kev phom sij yog tias noj. Piv txwv li, yog tias lawv yog cov carcinogenic (xws li Sudan dyes), ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab rau cov menyuam yaus (xws li Southampton rau xim) lossis muaj kev noj zaub mov zoo (xws li cov kev mob tshwm sim xws li mob plab thiab lwm yam teeb meem plab hnyuv loj los ntawm cov tshuaj ntxiv Olestra).

Lub teb chaws tsis tas yuav pom zoo rau kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom ntxiv. Qhov no yog cov ntaub ntawv nrog titanium dioxide, uas yog siv los tsim cov xim dawb hauv qee cov khoom ci thiab khoom qab zib. Nws raug txwv hauv EU, tab sis tom qab kev txiav txim siab, UK tau txiav txim siab ua raws li txoj cai.

Thaum Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 2022, European Lub Tsev Hais Plaub Kev Ncaj Ncees tau tshem tawm qhov kev faib tawm ntawm titanium dioxide ua cov kab mob carcinogen los ntawm kev nqus pa, vim tias qhov tsis sib xws hauv kev tshawb pom toxicity tau sau tseg. Fabkis tau txiav txim siab rov hais dua qhov kev tshem tawm, uas txhais tau hais tias thaum lub sijhawm sau ntawv, titanium dioxide tsis tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov zaub mov hauv EU thiab Northern Ireland.

Potassium bromate tau pom tias ua rau mob qog noj ntshav hauv qee cov tsiaj, yog li nws tsis raug tso cai siv rau hauv cov zaub mov hauv EU, UK, Canada thiab lwm lub tebchaws. Cov tub ceev xwm Asmeskas tau txiav txim siab tias qhov kev cuam tshuam no tsis tshwm sim thaum cov tsiaj tau noj cov khob cij uas muaj cov tshuaj ntxiv, yog li nws tuaj yeem ntxiv rau cov khob cij hauv Tebchaws Meskas, qhov uas nws ua rau lub khob noom cookie ntxiv dag zog, cov tshuaj kho hmoov nplej thiab cov hmoov nplej.

Yog tias ib lub tuam txhab raug ntes muag cov khoom noj uas muaj cov tshuaj ntxiv hauv UK, qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev. Nws tsis tuaj yeem xav tias vim tias muaj cov tshuaj ntxiv tau tso cai hauv ib lub tebchaws, tias nws yuav tso cai rau lwm tus.

Qee qhov piv txwv tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom noj uas raug txwv hauv UK suav nrog:

• Qee cov xim zaub mov (xws li daj 5 thiab 6, thiab liab tsis muaj 40)
• Potassium bromate
• Sudan dyes
• Qee cov tshuaj siv rau tsiaj, xws li bovine loj hlob hormone.
• Brominated zaub roj
• Chlorine-kho nqaij qaib
• Rhodamine-B
• Azodicarbonamide
• Olestra
• Auramine

Txhawb nrog Food Additives Legislation thiab Labeling

Rau cov lag luam khoom noj, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas lawv sab laj txog cov kev cai cuam tshuam los xyuas kom meej tias kev siv cov khoom siv ntxiv rau hauv ib qho khoom noj tau tso cai, thiab tseem siv tau rau hauv cov khoom qis dua qhov siab tshaj plaws tau tso cai.