Menene nicotinamide?

Menene nicotinamide?

Nicotinamide, wanda kuma aka sani da niacinamide ko nicotinic acid amide, shine mai narkewar ruwa, nau'in bitamin B3 mai aiki. An ƙara nazarin shi don alamomi daban-daban a fagendermatology, amma ana buƙatar ƙarin bincike don fayyace ƙimarsa.

Nicotinamide a dabi'a yana samuwa a cikin ƙananan yisti, nama maras kyau, kifi, goro da legumes. Har ila yau, ana ƙara shi a cikin hatsi da sauran abinci. Nicotinamide na baka yana samuwa a matsayin 20-30 MG a cikin haɗuwar multivitamin, kuma a kan kansa azaman allunan 500-MG marasa tsada. Hakanan an haɗa shi cikin da yawaTopicalwakilai ciki har da sunscreens da kayan kwalliya.

Ta yaya nicotinamide ke aiki?

Za a iya bayyana fa'idar tasirin nicotinamide ta hanyar rawar da ta taka kamar:

• Asalon salulamakamashi precursor
• A modulator namai kumburi cytokines
• Anmai hanawananukiliya enzymepoly (adenosine diphosphate-ribose [ADP]) polymerase [PARP], wanda ke taka muhimmiyar rawa aDNAgyarawa, kula da kwanciyar hankali na genomic, da amsawar salula ga rauni ciki har dakumburikumaapoptosis(mutuwar cell).

Menene nicotinamide ake amfani dashi?

Vitamin B3 yana da mahimmanci ga lafiyar lafiya; rashi yana haifar da rashin lafiya mai tsanani, pellagra. Ana iya amfani da nicotinamide na baka da kyau don magance pellagra.

Nicotinamide da aka yi amfani da shi azaman magani na iya amfanar fata ta hanyoyi daban-daban.

• Nicotinamide yana da tasirianti-mai kumburiKaddarorin, waɗanda za a iya amfani da su don maganin cututtukan cututtuka (blistering).
• Yana iya inganta kuraje ta hanyar maganin kumburi da kuma rage sebum.
• Yana iya inganta aikin shingen fata ta hanyar rage asarar ruwa ta hanyarepidermis(Lashin fata na waje) don haka yana ƙara yawan ruwa.
• An ruwaito don inganta fata, ta hanyar ingantawapigmentation, kumburi da ja na tsufa fata; ana amfani da shi a wasucosmeceuticalsamfurori.
• Yana iya rage actinic keratoses da haɗarin ciwon daji na fata, musamman carcinoma cell squamous.
• An yi amfani dashi don magance fashewar haske na polymorphic.

Yanayin fata bi da nicotinamide

• Nicotinamide na baka

Bambance-bambancen pemphigoid

Haɗin nicotinamide na baka da tetracycline ya bayyana azaman madadin amfanina tsaristeroids a cikin lura da bullous pemphigoid. Yana da ƙasamai gubakuma mafi aminci fiye da dapsone da prednisone.

A cikin aƙalla gwajin gwaji na asibiti guda ɗaya wanda aka kwatanta da haɗuwa da 500 MG na nicotinamide, sau uku kowace rana, da 500 MG na tetracycline sau huɗu a kowace rana, tare da prednisone, a cikin marasa lafiya 20 tare da pemphigoid 20, an sami cikakkun amsa guda biyar da amsa bangare biyar. , a cikin ƙungiyar nicotinamide da tetracycline idan aka kwatanta da cikakkiyar amsa da amsa guda biyar a cikin rukunin prednisone, bayan makonni 8 na jiyya. Dukkanin marasa lafiya guda biyar masu cikakken amsawa a cikin nicotinamide da rukunin tetracycline sun kasance marasa lafiya a lokacin shan magani a cikin tsawon watanni 10, yayin da marasa lafiya uku a cikin rukunin prednisone suka sake kamuwa da cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta tare da tapering steroid a lokaci guda.

Ciwon daji na fata

PlaceboGwaje-gwajen da aka sarrafa sun ba da shawara ga marasa lafiya masu haɗari da suka lalata rana suna shan nicotinamide na baka waɗanda ke da keratoses masu yawa da ƙwayoyin cuta na squamous cell carcinomas na iya tsammanin raguwar adadin sabbin.raunukakan lokaci. Shaidar ba ta cika ba.

Illar nicotinamide na baka

Nicotinamide na baka gabaɗaya ana jurewa da kyau a cikin allurai ƙasa da 3 g/rana. Ba ya haifar da flushing ko ɓacin rai, sabanin nicotinic acid da ke gaba. An ba da rahoton ƙara gumi, don haɓaka sukarin jini, kuma yana haifar dahypotension.

Yawan adadin nicotinamide na iya haifar da tashin zuciya.

• Topical nicotinamide

kuraje Nicotinamide, ana samunsa a cikin wani wurikirim mai tsami,gelda siffofin baka (misali, Nicomide®), an nuna suna da tasiri wajen kawar da kuraje. A cikin gwaji na asibiti da aka sarrafa, an gano gel na nicotinamide 4% yana da tasiri kamar maganin rigakafi na 1% clindamycin gel a cikin maganin kuraje vulgaris a cikin marasa lafiya 76 masu matsakaicin kuraje. Binciken ya kammala cewa abubuwan da ke hana kumburin nicotinamide na iya taimakawa wajen samun nasarar sa a cikin kuraje. Nicotinamide kuma yana rage samar da sebum a fuska.Sebumyana da alhakin haskaka fuska kuma yana ba da gudummawa ga comedones marasa kumburi da raunuka masu kumburi. Sakamakon gwajin gwaji na asibiti mai kyau a cikin Caucasian da matan Jafananci sun nuna cewa aikace-aikacen 2% nicotinamide moisturizer zuwa fuska na tsawon makonni 4-6 yana rage yawan samar da sebum tare da bambance-bambance masu mahimmanci a fuskar fuska da mai.

Nikotinamide gel ana tallata shi azamankan-da-countermaganin kuraje a Kanada, Australia, NZ, UK, Amurka da Ireland. Idan aikace-aikacen sau biyu a rana yana haifar da bushewar fata da yawa, ana iya ragewa zuwa sau ɗaya a rana, ko kowace rana.

Rosacea

Alamomin asibiti da alamun rosacea sun haɗa da ƙara bushewar fatar fuska, ja da hankali. A cikin aƙalla nazarin biyu, an nuna masu moisturizers dauke da nicotinamide don inganta aikin shinge na fata a cikin marasa lafiya na rosacea, wanda ke haifar da raguwar amsawamasu ban haushiciki har da masu tsaftacewa da kayan kwalliya.

Nicotinamide yana aiki azaman mafarin nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) da nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP), waɗanda suke haɗin gwiwa.enzymes(masu gudanarwa naenzymatichalayen) masu mahimmanci ga hanyoyi masu yawa na rayuwa. Wadannan co-enzymes suna taka rawa a cikinmetabolismnaglucose, samar da makamashin salula, dakiranalipids.Matakan NADH / NADPH (raguwar nau'ikan NAD da NADP) suna raguwa tare da shekaru kuma nicotinamide na zahiri yana bayyana yana juyawa raguwa. A cikin nazarin asibiti da yawa, nicotinamide na Topical sun inganta layukan lafiya da wrinkles, tabo masu launin launin fata, jajayen ja, da sallowness na fata (yellowing) gami da elasticity. Ɗaya daga cikin binciken ya nuna nicotinamide don ƙara yawan samar da fata naceramides, waxanda suke da abubuwan motsa jiki da masu kare fata, don haka inganta yanayin fata.

Amakafi biyu, Mai sarrafa wuribo, tsaga-fuska, hagu-dama,bazuwarNazarin mako 12 a cikin mata 50 sun kimanta sakamakon 5% na nicotinamide na Topical akan alamomi daban-daban na tsufa. Masu binciken sun ba da rahoton nicotinamide na Topical ya haifar da gagarumin ci gaba a cikin layi mai kyau / wrinkles, pigmentation, rubutu da ja. Proctor da Gamble ne suka dauki nauyin binciken.

Wani bincike na wasu mata 30 na Japan masu lafiya sun ba da rahoton ingantaccen wrinkles na fatar ido bayan makonni takwas na aikace-aikacen kayan kwalliya mai ɗauke da 4% nicotinamide.

Nicotinamide yana da jurewa da kyau kuma sau da yawa ana iya amfani da su ta hanyar waɗanda ba za su iya jure wa retinoids na Topical ko acid 'ya'yan itace ba.

Tasirin ciwon daji

Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) shine babban abin da ke haifar da cutar kansar fataci gaba.Hanyoyin da UVR ke kaiwa zuwaciwon dajisuna da rikitarwa ciki har da lalata kai tsaye ga DNA da tasiri akan tsarin rigakafi. An nuna Nicotinamide don haɓaka gyaran kai tsaye da lalacewar DNA na oxidative a cikin ɗan adamkeratinocytesda fatar mutum. Yana da yuwuwar hanawaUV- jawowahana rigakafi, wanda aka nuna a cikin binciken masu aikin sa kai tare da gwajin Mantoux mai kyau (gwajin ji na tuberculin mai kyau). Ana iya danne martanin Mantoux ta hanyar fallasa zuwa UVR. Nicotinamide ya rage wannan hanawar garkuwar jiki lokacin da aka yi amfani da ita ko dai kafin ko bayan fallasa zuwa UVR (kwaikwaiyon hasken rana).

A cikin gwajin asibiti bazuwar a cikin marasa lafiya 50, 1% nicotinamide gel ana shafa sau biyu kowace rana zuwa kai, hannaye da hannaye har tsawon watanni shida ya rage.nufiadadinprecancerActinic keratosis da 28%.

Nicotinamide baya aiki azaman maganin hana rana (kuma baya hana kunar rana). Ba shi da kaddarorin antioxidant, amma yana iya shafar haɓakar cascade, haɓakar kuzarin tantanin halitta, da apoptosis (mutuwar tantanin halitta).

Tabbatattun bayanan da aka yarda su ne tushen bayanan magunguna, gami da yarda da amfani, allurai, da bayanan aminci. Bincika takardar bayanan mutum ɗaya a cikin ƙasarku don bayani game da magunguna.