Yintoni i-nicotinamide?

Yintoni i-nicotinamide?

INicotinamide, ekwaziwa njenge niacinamide okanye i-nicotinic acid amide, yindlela enyibilikayo emanzini, esebenzayo yevithamin B3. Kuye kwafundwa ngokuqhubekayo kwiimpawu ezininzi ezahlukeneyo kwintsimi yeidermatology, kodwa uphando olungakumbi luyafuneka ukucacisa ixabiso layo.

INicotinamide ikhona ngokwendalo ngamanani amancinane kwigwele, kwinyama ebhityileyo, intlanzi, amandongomane kunye neembotyi. Ikwahlala igalelwa kwiicereals kunye nokunye ukutya. I-nicotinamide yomlomo ifumaneka njenge-20-30 mg kwindibaniselwano ye-multivitamin, kwaye ngokwayo njenge-tablet ye-500-mg engabizi. Ikwafakwe kwabaninziumxholoii-agent ezibandakanya i-sunscreens kunye ne-cosmetic agents.

Isebenza njani i-nicotinamide?

Iziphumo ezibanzi zeklinikhi ze-nicotinamide zinokuchazwa ngendima yayo njenge:

• Aiselulaisandulela samandla
• Imodyuli yeukudumba iicytokines
• Aninhibitoryezenyukliya i-enzymei-poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose [ADP]) i-polymerase [PARP], edlala indima ebalulekileyoDNAukulungiswa, ukugcinwa kozinzo lwe-genomic, kunye nokuphendula kwamaselula kukulimala kuqukaukudumbakwayei-apoptosis(ukufa kweseli).

Isetyenziselwa ntoni i-nicotinamide?

I-Vitamin B3 iyimfuneko kwimpilo entle; ukusilela kukhokelela kwisifo esibi, i-pellagra. I-nicotinamide yomlomo ingasetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo ukunyanga i-pellagra.

INicotinamide esetyenziswa njengeyeza inokunceda ulusu ngeendlela ezininzi ezahlukeneyo.

• INicotinamide inaloanti-ukudumbaiipropati, ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe kunyango lwezifo ze-bullous (blistering).
• Inokuphucula i-acne ngesenzo sayo esichasayo kunye nokunciphisa i-sebum.
• Inokuphucula umsebenzi wokuthintela ulusu ngokunciphisa ilahleko yamanzi ngokusebenzisai-epidermis(umaleko wolusu wangaphandle) ngaloo ndlela inyusa ukunyibilika kolusu.
• Kuxelwe ukuba kuphuculwe ibala, ngokuphuculaumbala, ukugqabhuka kunye nokubomvu kolusu oluguga; isetyenziswa kwezinyei-cosmeceuticaliimveliso.
• Inokunciphisa i-actinic keratoses kunye nomngcipheko womhlaza wolusu, ngakumbi i-squamous cell carcinoma.
• Isetyenziselwe ukunyanga ukuqhuma kokukhanya kwe-polymorphic.

Iimeko zolusu zinyangwa nge-nicotinamide

• I-nicotinamide yomlomo

I-Bullous pemphigoid

Indibaniselwano ye-nicotinamide yomlomo kunye ne-tetracycline ibonakala iyindlela eluncedoinkqubosteroids kunyango lwe-bullous pemphigoid. Incinciinetyhefukwaye ikhuselekile kunedapsone kunye neprednisone.

Ubuncinci kwilingo lekliniki elivulekileyo elibhaliweyo ngokuthelekisa ukudibanisa kwe-500 mg ye-nicotinamide, kathathu imihla ngemihla, kunye ne-500 mg ye-tetracycline amaxesha amane imihla ngemihla, kunye ne-prednisone, kwizigulane ze-20 ezine-pemphigoid ye-bullous, kwakukho iimpendulo ezipheleleyo ezintlanu kunye neempendulo ezintlanu eziyingxenye. , kwiqela le-nicotinamide kunye ne-tetracycline xa kuthelekiswa nempendulo epheleleyo kunye neempendulo eziyingxenye ezintlanu kwiqela le-prednisone, emva kweeveki ze-8 unyango. Zonke izigulane ezi-5 ezipheleleyo zokuphendula kwi-nicotinamide kunye neqela le-tetracycline zahlala zingenasifo ngexesha lokunyanga iyeza kwi-10-inyanga yokulandelela ixesha, ngelixa izigulane ezintathu kwiqela le-prednisone ziye zaphindaphinda izifo ezivuthayo kunye ne-steroid tapering ngexesha elifanayo.

Umhlaza wolusu

Indawo-izilingo ezilawulwayo zicebise ukuba izigulane ezonakaliswe ilanga zithatha i-nicotinamide yomlomo ene-actinic keratoses ebanzi kunye ne-cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas inokulindela ukunciphisa inani elitsha.izilondaixesha elidlulele. Ubungqina abukho.

Imiphumo emibi ye-nicotinamide yomlomo

I-nicotinamide yomlomo inyamezeleka ngokubanzi kwiidosi ezingaphantsi kwe-3 g/ngosuku. Ayibangeli ukugungxulwa okanye ukuphazamiseka kwesisu, ngokungafaniyo ne-nicotinic acid eyandulelayo. Kuye kwanikelwa ingxelo yokuba inyusa ukubila, inyusa iswekile esegazini, yaye ibangelahypotension.

Iidosi eziphezulu kakhulu ze-nicotinamide zinokukhokelela kwisicaphucaphu.

• I-nicotinamide yomxholo

I-acne INicotinamide, ifumaneka ngesihlokocream,ijelikunye neefom zomlomo (umzekelo, iNicomide®), ibonakaliswe ukuba iyasebenza ekususeni i-acne. Kulingo lwezonyango olulawulwayo, i-4% yejeli ye-nicotinamide yafunyaniswa isebenza njenge-antibiotic ye-1% yejeli ye-clindamycin kunyango lwe-acne vulgaris kwizigulana ezingama-76 ezine-acne ephakathi. Uphononongo lugqibe kwelokuba iipropathi ezichasene nokudumba kwe-nicotinamide zinokuba negalelo kwimpumelelo yayo kwi-acne. INicotinamide ikwanciphisa imveliso ye-sebum yobuso.Sebuminoxanduva lokukhanya kobuso kwaye igalelo kwii-comedones ezingenamlilo kunye nezilonda ze-acne ezivuthayo. Iziphumo zovavanyo lweklinikhi olulawulwa kakuhle kwiCaucasian kunye nabasetyhini baseJapan baye babonisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwe-2% ye-nicotinamide moisturizer ebusweni kwiiveki ze-4-6 kunciphisa ukuveliswa kwe-sebum kunye nentlukwano ebalulekileyo ekukhanyeni kobuso kunye neoli.

Ijeli yeNicotinamide ithengiswa njengengaphaya kwekhawuntaunyango lwe-acne eCanada, e-Australia, e-NZ, e-UK, e-USA nase-Ireland. Ukuba ukusetyenziswa kabini imihla ngemihla kubangela ukomiswa ngokugqithiseleyo kwesikhumba, umntu unokunciphisa kube kanye ngosuku, okanye yonke enye imini.

IRosacea

Iimpawu zeklinikhi kunye neempawu ze-rosacea ziquka ukomelela kwesikhumba sobuso, ubomvu kunye novelwano. Ubuncinci kwizifundo ezibini, izinto zokuthambisa ezine-nicotinamide zibonakaliswe ukuba ziphucula isithintelo solusu kwizigulana ze-rosacea, ezikhokelela ekunciphiseni ukusabelaizinto ezicaphukisayokuquka abacoci kunye nezinto zokuthambisa.

INicotinamide isebenza njenge-precursor ye-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) kunye ne-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP), ezisebenzisanayo.ii-enzymes(abaququzeleli bei-enzymaticreactions) kubalulekile kwiindlela ezininzi zemetabolism. Ezi co-enzymes zidlala indima kwiimetabolismyeiswekile, imveliso yamandla eselula, kunyeudibanisoyelipids.Amanqanaba e-NADH / NADPH (iindlela ezincitshisiweyo ze-NAD kunye ne-NADP) ziyancipha ngobudala kunye ne-nicotinamide ye-topical ibonakala ibuyisela umva ukuhla. Kwizifundo ezininzi zeklinikhi, i-nicotinamide ye-topical iphucule imigca emihle kunye nemibimbi, amabala anepigmented, ibala elibomvu, kunye nokuba mnyama kwesikhumba (okutyheli) kunye nokunwebeka. Olunye uphononongo lubonise i-nicotinamide ukunyusa imveliso yolusuiiceramide, eziyi-emollients zendalo kunye nezikhuseli zesikhumba, ngaloo ndlela ziphucula ukuchithwa kwesikhumba.

Akabini-iimfama, i-placebo-elawulwa, ubuso obuhlukeneyo, ekhohlo-ekunene,randomizedUphononongo lweeveki ezili-12 kubasetyhini abangama-50 bavavanya iziphumo ze-5% ye-nicotinamide yesihloko kwiimpawu ezahlukeneyo zokuguga kwesikhumba. Abaphandi baxele i-nicotinamide ye-topical ibangele ukuphucuka okubonakalayo kwimigca emihle / imibimbi, umbala, ukuthungwa kunye nokubomvu. Uphononongo luxhaswe yiProctor kunye neGamble.

Olunye uphononongo lwabafazi baseJapan abasempilweni abangama-30 bachaze ukuphucuka kwemibimbi yenkophe emva kweeveki ezisibhozo zokusetyenziswa kwezithambiso ezine-4% yenicotinamide.

INicotinamide inyamezeleka kakuhle kwaye ihlala isetyenziswa ngabo bangakwaziyo ukunyamezela i-retinoids ye-topical okanye i-asidi yeziqhamo.

Imiphumo ye-Anticancer

Imitha ye-ultraviolet (UVR) ngowona mngcipheko uphambili womhlaza wolusuuphuhliso.Iindlela ezikhokelela kwi-UVRumhlazazintsonkothile kubandakanywa umonakalo ngqo kwi-DNA kunye neziphumo kwi-immune system. INicotinamide ibonakaliswe ukuba iphucula ukulungiswa komonakalo othe ngqo kunye ne-oxidative ye-DNA emntwiniiikeratinocyteskunye nolusu lomntu. Inamandla okuthintelaUV-enziweukunyanzeliswa komzimba, kuboniswe kwisifundo samavolontiya kunye novavanyo oluhle lwe-Mantoux (uvavanyo oluhle lwe-tuberculin sensitivity). Ukusabela kweMantoux kunokucinezelwa kukuvezwa kwi-UVR. INicotinamide yanciphisa oku kucinezelwa komzimba xa isetyenziswa nokuba ngaphambi okanye emva kokuvezwa kwi-UVR (ukulinganisa ukukhanya kwelanga).

Kulingo lwekliniki olulawulwa ngokungenamkhethe kwizigulane ezingama-50, i-1% ye-nicotinamide gel isetyenziswe kabini imihla ngemihla entloko, iingalo kunye nezandla kwiinyanga ezintandathu zanciphisathethainani leprecancerousactinic keratoses ngama-28%.

INicotinamide ayisebenzi njengesikhuseli elangeni (kwaye ayikuthinteli ukutshiswa lilanga). Ayinayo i-antioxidant, kodwa inokuchaphazela i-cascade ehambelanayo, i-cell metabolism, kunye ne-apoptosis (ukufa kweseli).

Iidatabase ezivunyiweyo zingumthombo osemthethweni wolwazi lwamayeza, kubandakanywa ukusetyenziswa okuvunyiweyo, iidosi, kunye nolwazi lokhuseleko. Jonga idata yedatha kwilizwe lakho ngolwazi malunga namayeza.